The Effects of Business on the Community Essay Example for Free

The Effects of Business on the Community Essay Positive and Negative effects on the society The impact of my business on the community can consist of both positive and negative effects. Starting with positive, having the only shop in Walthamstow and the surrounding areas, my business is offering something new to the community. People do not have to struggle in finding separate businesses that offer the same services I do in a package or separately in my shop. Furthermore, with my new business will be creating new jobs which will be available to anybody seeking for a job as it is very much needed in a time of a financial crisis (recession). Also, people in working for my business will be able to generate a feasible income, thus people will be paying tax which will be given to the local government. This will evolve the community into a safer, cleaner and more enjoyable place to live in, as it contributes to community centres, rubbish collections, fire brigade and much more. In addition, they will also be paying national insurance and corporation tax, which in term will be spent by the government on what they feel, needs to be developed upon such as roads and hospitals. Negative effects include anything which has any relation towards global warming. As any business I will be using electricity, throwing away rubbish and also noise pollution with my idea to advertise my business near the market with a live production this will produce a lot of noise pollution. Positive and Negative effects on existing businesses There are many positive to my business as there is not any competition to deal with so I dont have to worry about people looking to any competitors for information and purchase their package as they can come direct to us without other businesses entering their mind. Furthermore elaborating on this idea of no competition it allows my business to put prices higher than expected as I do not have to reduce the prices to a price which is competing with competition from existing businesses, so it allows us to put the prices slightly higher and which allows me to have profit maximisation straight away. With time Economies of scale will be introduced to my business which means that the unit cost of production is to fall in size as my business grows. As my business is beginning to raise awareness and finance I will consider lowering prices if my business starts to grow in size and value. Furthermore, with no competition I can establish myself in the area and be the first one to open such a sh op in the area and surrounding then that means my business will be well known, so if new competition was to open up then I would have the upper hand as I would have the experience and the name credibility so that people would come to me first then the new competition. On to the negative aspects, without competition I cannot save money on infrastructure as with competition we could speak to each other and agree on sharing some services such as delivery, cleaning etc, this could trigger a positive multiplier effect and reduce cost by a huge margin. In addition to this, without any competition I wont be able to judge how their business is actually working and is a success or not and come up with a conclusion as to what their weaknesses are and their strengths are so that if my business are making the same mistake I can change the way Im running the problem and come up with a solution to mend it. On more point that is a problem is that my business is a innovating company new to the market so I cannot review on other business if they are doing well or not, this means that my business will be a huge gamble, as it will either be a hit or be a misfiring disaster. Solving the negative problems I will try to solve problems surrounding society, by cleaning the work place and having regular checks that my business will be in a tidy and organised environment to prevent the infestation of rodents as its unhealthy and puts a danger to society. So putting out the rubbish and also recycling papers, bottles, cans and more then I will also be helping the environment and also be helping the image of my business by having a good reputation for being green and also keeping the community as clean as possible improving the businesses name further. Also, I could cut energy usage by using electrical appliances that dont use a lot of energy and using energy efficient light bulbs than the normal ones as well. Solving problems related to no competition will be accomplished by firstly, kick starting my business and making a success so that someone else will consider establishing their own business with the same idea as they can see that my business is doing extremely well in the market and so that they can have a share of the profits and have some competition which could befit my business in the following ways. Firstly, it can be a great way to save money by sharing infrastructure this way we dont have to spend so much of our profits on bills, for material like travelling, communication and others along the same line, which then for both our business to flourish the money saved can be used to expand our business. Furthermore, with competition we can witness the positives and negatives of each others business so that we can improve on our mistakes and make my business a greater force in the market.

Natural Resources Essay -- Environment, Renewable, Non-renewable

Introduction Natural resources are the elements that are found naturally and useful. Natural resources include fuels, oil, natural gas, materials and timber. Natural resources could be renewable or non-renewable. Renewable are those resources that are substituted in nature e.g. animals plants and forests. Non-renewable are those resources that exist in set/limited/calculated amounts e.g. fossil fuels, coal etc Discussion The Natural resources are playing a key role to support and enhance the economy. As far as the Brazil concern, It is rich in natural resources and the new discovery(s) further fueling its growth and development towards the prosperous economy and future. Brazil is rich in the following natural resources such as: Metal Products, Fertilizer, Petrochemicals, Pharmaceuticals, Foodstuffs, Textiles, Iron and Steel, Chemicals, Consumer Goods, Plastics, Shipbuilding, Machinery, Vehicles, Clothing, Paper Products, Wood Products and Cement. In late 2007, on the southeastern coast of Brazil the world’s biggest deep-water oil field was discovered. According to the estimate, this oil field is rich with five billion to eight billion barrels of natural gas and crude oil. This discovery of Brazil is the buzzword among the major energy exporters, and has given development structure to their pre-expanding economy. Now the Brazilian currency is stronger (rising 34% against the dollar, 2009), investment is mounting (foreign direct investment was 30%, 2009) and both are now constructed upon a firm foundation. This healthy statistics is the evidence that natural resources play a major role in the development and economy impetus. It should be remembered that natural resources are the main catalyst to construct and distract the loc... ...nce of its economic stability because low unemployment rate is the indicator of improved GDP. Although, China is also projecting some good picture but it is not as much promising as the Brazil has. (Trading economics, 2010) Conclusion After discussing the China, USA, France and Brazilian Economy, one thing that is inevitable to be concluded as per topic is that, natural resources are the key catalyst and key driven of any economy. These resources are the catalyst to make the investment decision and to develop or not to develop the relation with different nations. In other words, these natural resources are the major player to shape the world and its multicultural economies. If these natural resources are financed, value added and developed properly, the prosperity and the economical sustainability is guaranteed as one can see the wealth of middle-east.

Is the Law Fault Based?

A2 AQA LAW Is the law fault based? According to the Oxford English Dictionary, Fault is defined as â€Å"error† or â€Å"blame†, the wrongdoing and extent of which the defendant is responsible for his actions. The law should only punish those who are at fault and impose punishments which are deserved, whilst being more lenient to those who are not at fault and did not foresee the consequences. In criminal law, fault is proven by the prosecution where people are found guilty, beyond reasonable doubt. In civil law, people are found liable, on a balance of probability.In order to discuss and evaluate the definition of fault as a basis of crime, it must first be understood and identified where fault can exist. Offences in law are often graded accordingly depending on how much fault they reflect. E. g. indictable offences such as rape and murder are the most serious of crimes and therefore receive the mandatory life sentence in order to reflect this. They cause the most seri ous damage to the victim and require more intention. However, summary offences such as â€Å"common† assault only receive minimal prison sentences, but normally fines up to ? 000. This is because the fault is deemed far less as the victim does not suffer as much and there is less intention to commit such a crime. Sentences also reflect to what extent the defendant was at fault. Aggravated factors, like a racially motivated attack or using a weapon indicates a higher level of intention and fault whilst mitigating factors like pleading guilty somewhat lessens the defendants fault in the eyes of the law. The severity of the crime depends on the level of fault. This can be found in the actus reus of a crime- the guilty physical act.Murder, for example is a voluntary act which demonstrates a higher degree of fault and blame (Smith- where a solider stabbed another solider with a bayonet. ) A voluntary act is normally a deliberate act and therefore seems fair to greater level of bla me. An omission is defined as the failure to act and shows a lower amount of fault as there is no physical act. For example, in the case of R v Dytham, a policeman witnessed a fight take place, but did not stop it and the victim was seriously injured. An ordinary passerby would not be regarded as at fault in this way but because a police officer has a public duty, he was deemed at greater fault.Causation is another aspect which is very fault-based in both criminal and civil law. There are tests to prove causation: factual, the â€Å"but for† test- But for defendant’s actions, would the outcome still be the same? legal causation- was the defendants actions the substantial and operating cause in victims injuries? and novus actus intervenes- was there a break in causation? Was there other factors that could of contributed? So if the defendant did cause the injury suffered by the victim then the defendant should be held at fault, vise versa if the defendant did not cause t he injury then he is not at fault.In Jordan, the defendant had shot the victim however the victim was completely recovered in hospital when he received a wrong injection which killed him. The defendant did not cause the death of the victim as the hospital treatment was an intervening factor and the substantial cause of death, therefore not fault. In comparison, in R v Smith, a solider was stabbed and was in hospital when he died from loss of blood from the stab wound. Unlike Jordan, Smith was found guilty of causing the defendants death as it was the original stab wound which was the operating cause of death proving he was at fault.Fault can also be shown through mens rea- the guilty mind. There are specific intent crimes such as murder or GBH s. 18, which can only be committed intentionally, where it was the defendant’s main aim or purpose indicating a higher level of fault. On the other hand, crimes of a less serious nature can be committed either intentionally or recklessl y- basic intent crimes like assault or battery. Recklessness shows less fault and blame than intention (although some fault is given due to subjective recklessness e. g.Cunningham- the defendant realises there is a risk of harm but acts anyway) because the outcome is only a possibility and sometimes is not foreseen. Similarly, Gross negligence manslaughter depicts how civil negligence can become criminal liability as a result of a death. This offence allows businesses to be liable and found at fault even though it is impossible to prove their mens rea. The use of defences in the legal system can also indicate how the defendant may possess both the actus reus and mens rea of a crime, but still not completely at fault.Insanity is a full defence which means the defendant is unable to form the mens rea of the crime in question due to a disease of the mind. Also, Automatism removes all fault on the defendants behalf as he is suffering from an external factor or influence. Intoxication (o nly applicable to specific intent crimes) shows an appropriate mens rea could not be formed due to the use of drink or drugs. However, other defences such as Diminished responsibility used as a defence in murder situations, only partially removes the defendants fault as he is suffering with an abnormality of the mind.This shows fault is lower than that of an intentional killing. Certain areas of criminal law where there are offences do not require any fault to be proved such as speeding offences. These are called strict liability crimes, where no mens rea is needed just the pure act of doing it makes you guilty whether you intended to or not. These offences are imposed throughout society in order to uphold social policies, but some people feel that no fault offences are unfair because they impose liability on people who did not necessary foresee any consequences. In Shah v DPP, a lottery ticket was sold to a member of the public under the age of 16.Although there were many signs and notices about checking ID of those looking underage, the ticket was still sold and the defendant was found guilty. This case had led to a requirement for an evaluation of the need for fault, as Shah, could be seen as not at fault as the child had used fake identity. These no-fault arguments are based on the public’s interest that it is better to protect the innocent public and compensate them than to prove an individuals fault, applicable for businesses that have to accept the risks and benefits of funning a company.Smedleys v Breed, a manufacturer defendant who was found guilty when a caterpillar was found in a tin of peas, where it is obvious that it was this manufacturers fault and responsibility to take blame. On the other hand, this can encourage higher standards amongst employers to encourage them to know the law and avoid injury and take care of themselves. It is believed that we should be accountable for our own actions, no matter whether fault can be proved or not- based on the principle â€Å"we reap what we sow†.This is was shown in R v Howells where the defendant failed to obtain a certificate for the gun he was possessing unwittingly, but will still guilty of this offence. Another argument is that imposing strict liability crimes helps that of deterrence on society to encourage better diligence. However, despite these no-fault arguments, many people believe there is a necessity for a proof of fault. Fairness is at the heart of the legal system and would seem unfair not to require a person to be proven at fault in order for them to be guilty.Having a no-fault system was implicate distrust for the public and would reflect poor values of society. It would also result in serious consequences for the sentenced defendant with a conviction. In conclusion, it has become clear that proving fault is already an essential element of criminal liability in the English legal system already and no fault only exists in a small number of offences, bu t can still have serious repercussions. In order for justice to continue to be served, criminal offences and their combined penalty should be limited to those who are evidently guilty and at fault and who truly deserve the punishments.

Supply Chain For Manufacturing Facilities Essay - 911 Words

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